A Comprehensive Guide to the Major Crops Cultivated Across India

India is one of the world’s top producers of crops. Farmers are treated to agriculture as a way of life. Major crops grown in India include:

• Plantation crops like tea, coffee, coconut, rubber, and pulses.
• Cash crops like cotton, jute, sugarcane, tobacco, and oilseeds.
• Horticultural crops like fruits and vegetables.

Gujarat is the biggest cotton-producing state in India. Cotton is a natural fibre plant. Crops are appropriately divided according to seasons and cultivation methods. So, we came here with top seasonal crops that are cultivated across India.

Top 15 Indian Crops with Details 

Rice, wheat, soybean, banana and many more popular crops are grown and consumed in India. That’s why we are here with the top 15 crops that are cultivated across India.

• Rice

India is the world’s biggest exporter of rice and the second-largest producer of grain worldwide. From 53.6 million tonnes in F.Y. 1980 to 120 million tonnes in F.Y. 2020–21, production rose. India’s rice industry has made the nation famous worldwide. A few of the Indian states that produce rice are Tamil Nadu, Punjab, and Assam. The largest rice-producing state in India is West Bengal.

• Wheat

Over 23.61 million hectares, or 44.25 million tonnes of grains, are produced each year from wheat in India. When it comes to area, wheat comes in second only to sorghum and pearl millet; however, when it comes to productivity, wheat leads all other cereal crops. India’s northern region has historically been the leader in wheat cultivation in India. For wheat production in India, many farmers are using Massey Tractor.

• Cotton

Nine states in India are major producers of cotton: Gujarat, Maharashtra, and MP in the Central zone; Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu in the Southern zone; and Punjab, Haryana, and Rajasthan in the Northern zone.

• Maize

In India, the two main growing seasons for maize are the rainy (kharif) and winter (rabi). In India, rabi maize corresponds to 17% of the total maize area, whereas kharif maize makes up approximately 83% of the total. Rainfed conditions are used to grow maize in more than 70% of the Kharif area, and biotic and abiotic stresses are common. You can buy Eicher Tractor for Maize production in India.

• Millets

Jowar (sorghum), Bajra (pearl millet), ragi (finger millet), Jhangora (barnyard millet), Barri (proso or common millet), Kangni (foxtail/Italian millet), Kodra (Kodo millet), and other millets are among those that are frequently grown in India.

• Pulses

Chickpeas (gramme), pigeon peas (tur or arhar), moong beans, urad (black matte), Masur (lentil), peas, and different types of beans are the main pulses that are grown.

• Sugarcane

The principal states that grow sugarcane are: a) Subtropical: Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Haryana, Punjab, and Bihar; these states receive 180–2000 mm of rainfall annually. The climate varies from cold, arid, semiarid, and arid to humid, moist, sub-humid, and dry sub-humid.

• Tea

Tea is a fragrant beverage made from the leaves of the evergreen shrub Camellia sinensis, India, native to China and East Asian countries. The leaves can be dried or fresh. Seldom are Camellia taliensis leaves used to make tea as well. After water, it is the most widely consumed beverage worldwide. There are many different types of tea, and some of them have astringent, slightly bitter, and cooling flavours.

• Coffee

In India, the Western Ghats, which are located in Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and Karnataka, are traditionally used for coffee cultivation. Along with the Northeast states, Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, and other non-traditional areas are seeing rapid growth in coffee cultivation.

• Jute

While mesta cultivation is found practically everywhere in India, jute cultivation is primarily focused in the country’s east and northeast. The crop can be grown in conditions of water stagnation as well as moisture stress on low, medium, and highlands.

• Cauliflower

Although almost every state in India grows cauliflower, the most important ones are Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Orissa, Assam, M.P., Gujarat, and Haryana. Cauliflower is scientifically known as Brassica oleracea var botrytis. It has grown to be regarded as one of the major and well-liked vegetables throughout the world.

• Kharif crop

The monsoon crops, such as rice, are known as kharif crops. The best time to harvest Kharif crops is during the monsoon season, which in certain regions of the Indian subcontinent can start as early as May. Harvesting of the Kharif crops typically occurs from the third week of September to October.

• Sorghum

Important cereal crop Sorghum (Sorghum bicolour (L) Moench) is grown in semi-arid and arid regions. It is used as a source of grain, pasture, animal feed, fodder, fibre, fuel, bioethanol, alcoholic beverages, and building materials. Sorghum is ranked as the fifth most important cereal crop in the world.

• Soyabean

It is the main source of protein (40%) and vegetable seed oil (20%). Soybeans are known around the world as the “WONDER CROP” of the 20th century because of their many nutritional and health benefits. In India, soybeans have emerged as a significant oilseed crop.

• Banana

One of the most significant fruit crops farmed in India is the banana. It is the only fruit in this country to rank first in production and second in area after mango.

These are all about Farming crops in India. I hope you like this blog. For more information like this, stay connected with us.