Making The Best Nozzle Choice For A Laser Application

The most important component of a laser machine is the nozzle. It is found at the base of the laser head and is where high-pressure airflow and laser are emitted. The laser cutting equipment’s cutting quality and lifespan are determined by this emission. It is situated closest to the workpiece at the base of the laser head.

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As a result, you must pick the appropriate nozzle. Choose Shreeji Corporation’s Shut-off Nozzle, for instance. However, it would change depending on your machine and other needs.

 

• What are laser nozzles used for?

 

The pressure between the workpiece and the nozzle is maintained by adjusting the airflow direction and high-pressure airflow through the interior form of the laser head’s nozzle.

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Prevent the molten workpiece material from spitting into the laser head’s interior, which will safeguard the laser head’s internal lens. In order to guarantee the height adjustment system’s steady operation, the capacitance signal is supplied to it.

 

• The Impact of the Nozzle on Quality:

 

When the centre is distinct from the laser centre, the quality changes. The details are as follows:

 

• Section Cutting:

Uneven gas spraying could cut the metal on one side while leaving the other unaltered. It might not even cut through material that is thicker than 3mm.

 

• Sharp Corner Quality:

 

Workpieces that are cut with sharp edges or angles run the risk of overheating. The likelihood is that thick material will not be impacted.

 

• Perforation:

 

Controlling time becomes difficult due to instability brought on by the laser perforation. It can lead to the perforated plate overheating.

 

• How to Pick the Correct Nozzle?

A laser’s ideal outcomes may depend on selecting the right nozzle. In addition, it serves as the lens’s main means of dust defence. Consequently, making the appropriate choice is crucial. Here’s how to go about doing it:

 

• Material:

 

High conductivity and heat conductivity are required for nozzles. Instead of a brass nozzle, use a copper one. They provide signals with high capacitance.

 

• Accuracy:

High-precision nozzles lessen debugging and keep high-energy lasers from striking the inner wall of the laser head, therefore it should have a concentricity of 0.03mm.

 

• Treating Surface Oxidation:
  
  In order to prevent melt adhesion and increase service life, nozzles should have a smooth surface and good oxidation.

 

• Aperture:
  
  Various nozzle diameters are frequently available. Common examples include: 1.0 mm, 1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm, 3.0mm. 

 

• The use of a nozzle with a 2mm diameter would cause the edges of a thin plate less than 3mm to melt quickly.
• Avoid using the 1.5mm diameter nozzle on plates that are thicker than 3mm. Thick plates require more time to heat up and cut because of the high power cutting. Therefore, it is preferable to use 2mm.
• For plates that are over 10mm thick, only use 2.5mm.

As a result of the melt’s spark splash being more likely to lift up, choosing a big aperture results in worse protection for the focusing mirror.

 

One of the components that contribute to laser cutting is the nozzle’s centre. Furthermore, the factor would increase if the workpiece were thicker. The laser’s centre must be adjusted as a result.

 

• Nozzle Types:
  
  There are usually 3 nozzle options available.

 

• A small nozzle with a sizable aperture (7mm):
  
  For laser cutting and engraving, a short nozzle with a sizable hole diameter can be used. This nozzle is used specifically for the laser acrylic cutting process in laser cutting since it doesn’t cool down quickly and produces a gorgeous, flame-polished edge.

• Short nozzle with small hole diameter (3mm):
  
  The main purpose of the short nozzle with a small hole diameter is to cut the substances that produce too much smoke. Take wood, for instance. The concentrated airflow drives away cutting gasses and emerging smoke because of the kerf’s narrow hole. Plastic or rubber, which produces a lot of dust, is less ideal for engraving. At the aperture, where the dust settles more quickly, it may become blocked.

• Large nozzle with small hole diameter (3mm):
  
  Use it specifically with a 2.5″ lens. It takes into account the material’s large focus distance from the lens. The other characteristics are identical to those of its counterpart.
  Copper nozzles can also be used with compressed air in addition to these. Because of its modest diameter, it can produce a flawless laser cut in materials like tougher wood or polycarbonate.

 

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• What makes a good laser nozzle?

• Verify the quality of the material.
  
  Due to its strong electrical conductivity and good heat conductivity, TU2 copper must be used in suitable nozzles to guarantee a reliable capacitance signal.

• High levels of machining precision are required.
  
  The concentric degree of a decent laser head nozzle should be 0.03 mm, and for sprinklers under 1.0 mm in size, it should be 0.02 mm.
  A nozzle with high precision and concentricity may effectively prevent the high-energy laser from striking the inner wall of the laser head, reducing early troubleshooting in the machining process and preventing damage to the laser head.

• The surface of the laser head must be extremely smooth.
  
  For both the inner and exterior surfaces, the laser head nozzle must have a roughness of up to 0.8.
  
  While the inner surface of the highlight can successfully avoid eddy current when the high-pressure gas flows out, the outside surface of the highlight can effectively reduce the adhesion of the melt during the cutting process, extending the life of the nozzle.

The effectiveness and quality of your cutting.

 

• It is necessary to have strict anti-oxidation treatment.
  
  Copper components are easily oxidized and stained when exposed to air after processing.

The laser head nozzles’ inner and exterior surfaces are more likely to become oxidized, blackened, and yellowed after high-gloss processing.